This book provides a general introduction of plant tissue culture followed by specific applications of biotechnology in regeneration of rice (Oryza sativa), Maize, Eucalyptus, hot pepper, guava (Psidium guajava L.) stone fruit (Pinus pinea) and compares the features of in vitro grown plants to in vivo plants, Transgenic plants production and application, generating marker-free transgenic plants, genetic engineering and metabolic engineering of plants, molecular farming, abiotic stress tolerance, transgenic in floriculture and ornamental plants, celery, Secondary metabolite production with special reference to sennoside, genetic transformation of potato and biosafety concerns, bioinformatics and its application to crop improvement, Intellectual property rights, biotechnological aspects of secondary metabolite production, application of biotechnology in pharmaceutical sciences and production of recombinant proteins, cyclotides, Hypericum perforatum and Gentiana punctata provide a selected survey of key advances in the fascinating field of plant cell and tissue culture as a tool in biotechnology. Besides covering basic techniques employed in leading laboratories worldwide, follows an extended account of important applications in, for example, plant propagation, gene technology and secondary metabolite production. The book will prove useful to both students and researchers of biotechnology, agriculture, horticulture, forestry as well as for the industry.