This book covers almost all recent areas of biotechnology with an in depth knowledge and illustrated diagrams. The contents advance logically from the basics of cell and molecular biology to that of diversified recent hot areas of biotechnology. Some of the recent developments like gene therapy, gene cloning, stem cell therapy, etc., are extensively dealt with. It also includes review questions at the end of each chapter and a detailed bibliography given at the end. A distinctive feature of this book is the discussions on public concerns about biotechnology, intellectual property rights and cryopreservation and the future it holds good for humanity. Extensive coverage is given to microbial enzymes and biotransformations, bioinformatics, plant tissue culture methods, genetic engineering and its applications, animal biotechnology, fermentation biotechnology, biofertilisers, single cell protein, biological control and environmental biotechnology. This book covers the Biotechnology syllabus of various Universities and can also be used as a companion for various types of competitive examinations like IAS, IPS, CSIR-UGC NET, GATE, ASRB, ICMR, JNU Joint M/Sc Biotech. Entrance Exam, etc. The content also caters to the needs of Biotechnology / Engineering Graduates (B.Tech and M. Tech).