The present book represents the first comprehensive compilation of the latest science of the dietary nitrate sources, potential human health effects and sustainable remedial strategies. This book provides practical, data-driven resources based upon the totality of the evidence to help the reader understand the basics, treatments, and preventive strategies that are involved in the understanding all about nitrate in plants and humans. The overarching goal of the scholarly chapters contributed by worlds’ recognized subject-authorities is to provide fully referenced information to plant scientists and health professionals; so that they may have a balanced perspective on the known and potential excess nitrate consumption, and also on the value of various preventive and treatment options that are available as well as will be in the foreseeable future.